Sculptor

Sculptor (Scl) is a small and faint constellation in the southern sky. It represents a sculptor. It was introduced by Nicolas Louis de Lacaille in the 18th century. He originally named it Apparatus Sculptoris (the sculptor's studio), but the name was later shortened.

One unique galaxy in Sculptor is the Cartwheel Galaxy (also known as ESO 350-40), at a distance of 500 million light-years. The result of a merger around 300 million years ago, the Cartwheel Galaxy has a core of older, yellow stars, and an outer ring of younger, blue stars, which has a diameter of 100,000 light-years. The smaller galaxy in the collision is now incorporated into the core, after moving from a distance of 250,000 light-years. The shock waves from the collision sparked extensive star formation in the outer ring.

The constellation also contains the Sculptor Dwarf (also called the Sculptor Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy or the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy), a dwarf galaxy which is a member of the Local Group, as well as the Sculptor Group, the group of galaxies closest to the Local Group. The Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253), a barred spiral galaxy and the largest member of the group, lies near the border between Sculptor and Cetus. Another prominent member of the group is the irregular galaxy NGC 55.

Bordering constellations
Cetus | Aquarius | Piscis Austrinus | Grus | Phoenix | Fornax
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